Media and Anti Corruption

In some countries, such as Bulgaria, Macedonia, Bosnia Herzegovina, and Albania to a much lesser extent, the independent media has brought to the fore numerous corruption cases, exposing high officials. It has also been a major force behind mobilizing public opinion against corruption, as in the case of Bulgaria. At the same time it has exerted indirect pressure on the respective governments to take steps to limit corruption practices. The Bulgarian independent media, which has been marked by intensified anti-corruption reporting, stands out with its permanent engagement in the public debate about corruption and the efforts to curb it. It is characterized by improved quality coverage of corruption issues, expansion of the public dialogue in the media through inclusion of opinions of other civil society sectors and individuals and increased follow-up of reported cases, all of which speaks for a trend towards greater professionalism in its anti-corruption efforts. However, the limited role of the independent media in some countries should also be noted. In some, such as Bosnia Herzegovina, this has been due to the fact the media is mostly state controlled. In others, such as Albania, corrupted individuals have instigated distrust in the media, which lacks the professionalism necessary for investigative journalism and has fabricated and then denied its facts in corruption cases. A serious impediment to the greater role of the independent media is the fact that it is rarely truly independent. There is a problem of media ownership, symbiosis between business and media, the relations between the authorities and the owners of the media. On the Balkans the media is often financed by international organizations and thus has to rely on foreign help because of the small market size, in the case of Bosnia Herzegovina, or by certain business lobbies in the case of Albania. There are also cases of media close to current or former governments, in Bosnia Herzegovina, for instance, which can impede investigative journalism and its favorable impact on the efforts to combat corruption. Since it is also often regarded as a political tool by the owner, either the state or a private entity, the pressure exerted on journalists can often lead to biased coverage and impede impartial corruption investigation, which is illustrated by the Romanian press. A further hurdle to a greater role of the media is the fact it often lacks access to essential government information. For instance, in Romania, because of few laws giving access to public information or lack of their enforcement, the independent media has to rely on unofficial channels in corruption cases. Because of this unofficial information, which may be incorrect, the official authorities are even more unwilling to cooperate with the media on corruption scandals. The analysis of the media possibilities to investigate and report corruption represented the objectives of the Freedom House Assessment Report on media responses to corruption in some countries in the region summarizes the main difficulties: – Lack of independence – Lack of access to basic government information – Punitive libel law and prosecutorial abuse – Weak advocacy groups – Disincentives to investigative journalism – Lack of experience and training opportunities – Public cynicism regarding corruption

Most Memorable Event

Tyler Graves Most Memorable Event My most memorable event took place on October 6, 2012 in a packed and rowdy Williams-Brice Stadium. It is a memory that I will hold onto for the rest of my life and one that I will be sure to tell people about for the rest of my life. It was a great evening to be a Gamecock fan from the start of the game. We jumped out front from the first possession and it was complete domination for the entire game.The game started out with two passing touchdowns from Connor Shaw that really got the fans going. Everyone in the stadium was in such a good mood and you could feel the vibe in the air. The best part of the game for me was what came after those two touchdown passes. Georgia made the mistake of punting to Ace Sanders who was able to return the punt for a 70 yard touchdown. The stadium erupted. It was the loudest I have ever heard the fans at Williams-Brice get and it was amazing.This game was great to see, feel, and hear. The event was very memorable beca use South Carolina finally broke through and put themselves on the map. We have always struggled on the big stage but it finally was our turn to crush a legitimate top team. The other key factor to why this game was so memorable was that I was able to enjoy the victory with both my friends and my little brother. I will never forget the night of October 6, 2012 for as long as I live.

Public Employees and the Right to Strike Essay

â€Å"After a 60-hour strike that halted subway and bus service in 2005; a state judge penalized the Transport Workers Union by taking away its most powerful money-raising tool: automatic collection of dues from members’ pay checks.† (New York Times, November 2007)   Ã‚   An incongruity due to establishment of new employment conditions or some other contention between the employer and his employees is referred to as a collective labour dispute. According to Eamets and Philips [2005], the United States constitution does not allow its citizens to conduct a strike. The government employees are encouraged to present their point of views to the government but no law permits them to form adversaries as bargaining envoys against it. The laws from Britain that forbid the people to speak against the monarchy are still in practice by some American States. If an agreement is not feasible through debate, both the opponent parties are required to consult the communal mediator to avoid disarray at work sites. The employees in public sector are divided into three groups, The public servants, who work as law permits on civil servants and have particular employment pledges, The technical recruits, who work in the state institutions and district metropolis, The temporary workers, working project based or for a limited time period.   Ã‚  According to ROTAL – Riigi- ja Omavalitsusasutuste Tà ¶Ãƒ ¶tajate Ametià ¼hingute Liit, [represents the interests of civil servants], at least the technical recruits and the temporary workers should have the right to strike. Conversely as declared by the Collective Labour Dispute Act, disputes between the labour and the employers must be resolved through the consultation of a moderator, deciding on a mutual agreement. Strikes are barred in the following associations: â€Å"Government agencies and other state bodies and local government; and The defence forces, other national defence organisations, courts and fire fighting and rescue services.† (Eamets and Philips, 2005)    The divergence amid the private and the public management concerning the collective bargaining is quite intense. The public sector comprises of political decisions by the government affecting everyone. They also benefit from more privileges and benefits as compared to the private sector employees. As declared by the Massachusetts’ Governor Calvin Coolidge in 1919 when he broke the Boston police strike, the civil workers have no right to strike against the public. The same thoughts were voiced by President Roosevelt in 1937 â€Å"A strike of public employees is unthinkable and intolerable.† (Stopping Public-Employee Strikes, 1966) Governor Bill Ritter declared an administrative command that rules out any strikes by civil servants, which encourages the employees and labour unions to join together and create harmonious working conditions. However concern was voiced by the State Representative Bob Gardner, specializing in government regulatory law; that legislation should be introduced to prohibit strikes in law as they may surface after this new order. Since the unions may try to negotiate for higher reimbursements possible producing unsatisfactory results for the union leaders thus conduct a strike. (Lawmaker: Public Employees Have Right to Strike, Despite Ritter’s Order, 2007)    This fact creates problems in deciding whether to allow the workers to strikes or not, it is human nature to be unsatisfied with the present circumstances and strive for more. In the early years, federal employees were not allowed even to join unions or groups that may sponsor strikes otherwise deal with one year imprisonment. It is the temperament of labour unions to ask the employers much more than they are willing to partake, which then precede strengthening of perceptions and then eventually the strike. Increasing strikes will result in greater costs of state and local government and the taxes as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The debate accumulated during the year 2004 that all civil workers should not be prohibited to advocate their rights through strikes. The proposal from the trade unions that request for some modification in the legislation regarding the Collective Labour Dispute Act, making the public employees rights issue a notorious one globally. (Eamets and Philips, 2005) Even today the arguments still continue, the concern being that the public suffer most by the workers’ strikes, which ceases to provide them with the essential services. At the same time according to the employers, it acts as a major threat to the public finances and the government policies. Public employees like doctors, nurses, teachers and industrial workers hold power to raise an opinion against their employer which might force him to entertain their demands.   Ã‚   All this creates a critical issue in employment regulations; how to achieve a bargain with the workers effectively, catering to their demands and at the same time achieving hundred percent labour. Often the strike becomes the sole way to gain attention of the higher authorities like the government. However it must be stated that the worker has his own rights and requirements, there should be proper bargaining conducted to assure a sound working system. The workers should be allowed to protest or display their demands, if an individual is working hard to fulfil his employers stipulate, he or she holds the right to be treated properly so as to encourage and compliment his work standard. If the fundamental rights of labour are being considered, there will be no need for calling strikes in the future. REFERENCES Raul Eamets and Kaia Philips,†Controversy over civil servants’ right to strike† [6 January 2005] â€Å"Lawmaker: Public Employees Have Right to Strike, Despite Ritter’s Order in Unions† [7 November 2007] â€Å"Stopping Public-Employee Strikes† [14 January 1966] OSCAR A. WEIL and ORVILLE V. BERGREN â€Å"The right to strike: Should teachers get or do they have it?† [16 April 1977] WILLIAM NEUMAN, â€Å"M.T.A. Asks for Restoration of Automatic Dues Payment† [2 November 2007] New York

Performance management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Performance management - Assignment Example The last step would be to have them brainstorm on how to have good interpersonal relationships with employees which is likely to help in resolving unwanted behavior issues in the workplace. According to Janakiram and Vijay it is easier to solve problems when there is a positive interpersonal relationship between the management and staff members (p.226). There are three guidelines that I would use to train the managers. They include developing of good interpersonal relationships with subordinates, developing a regular scheme for handling errant employees and communicating effectively. It is important to note that one of the most effective ways of handling employees with unwanted behavior is counseling (Janakiram and Vijay 227). Developing good interpersonal relationship between subordinates and managers would be possible if they received counseling. During counseling, people bond with each other which is one of the ways that motivate employees to feel connected to an organization. According to Carr and Nanni, smart managers usually know that it is important to have a motivated workforce (p. 3). By making use of such contextual strategies, I will be in a better position to determine the behaviors that he management team should explicitly target and encourage among the employees. The other guideline is to develop a regular scheme where it would be easy to handle errant employees. This would be made possible by issuing written, warning letters to employees who display unwanted behavior. Warning letters would be a good way for managers to document the disciplining measures that they have made to better their employees’ behavior. If this technique does not work, issuing a final warning letter to employees who repeat the unwanted behavior continuously. Lastly, the other guideline I would use to train the managers would be to encourage them to communicate effectively between each other or between them and the employees. Good communication in an organization is

Scheduled Installments comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Scheduled Installments comparison - Essay Example Because of that, it is essential to look beyond the visible features and focus on the functionality of the two solutions to determine the best choice of a solution for improving the business. In the functional evaluation of micro to medium market Scheduled Installment solutions, the Accounting Library placed Scheduled Installment in low position in majority of the functional aspects but Microsoft Dynamics GP occupied almost the top position. The variation in functional ability gives a direct outcome on the productivity of the users.  A systematic analysis done in 2007 on the contribution of the Scheduled Installment solutions on the productivity of users revealed that users of Microsoft Dynamics GP had an average score 18% above users of Scheduled Installment solutions. Microsoft Dynamics has got three core strengths that enables maintain the top functional efficiency above Scheduled Installment. Dynamics GP operates together with Microsoft Office applications just in the same way as SQL products do. It also works in the same way as the Microsoft Office products.  It is therefore very easy for Microsoft Dynamic GP users to integrate them with Office applications such Access, excel, Power Point, Outlook and Word.  In addition, users who already are conversant with Microsoft Office applications need little or no training at all to use Microsoft Dynamics GP because they have similar interfaces.  On the other hand, Scheduled Installment is still in the process of working with Microsoft to construct their integration with Office applications. As Scheduled Installment gives an ordinary system user interface with real time accessibility to all of properties, Microsoft Dynamics GP gives each user a customized and personal interface, which is task oriented and with pre-defined, customized roles and information look. The role-oriented home pages provide each user with the necessary information

Individual Business report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Individual Business report - Essay Example (ABGL 2008). Company operates on B2B business model and resells its product i.e. biodiesel to different fuel blenders for onward resell to commercial, government as well as retail users within the country. ABGL is intending to further exploit growth opportunities into those markets. As a part of its future expansion plans, the company is planning to enter into Malaysian Market where it intends to assist different project developers in setting up biodiesel plants by entering into a project which will allow it to manufacture its entire product in Malaysia. Malaysia witnessed one of the most predictable and stable political government in the region with Dr. Mahathir Mohammed at the helm of affairs for almost 22 years however after his resignation in 2003, country’s political system does not seem to stable and predictable as country’s political leaders are still facing strong differences in create a potential replacement of Dr. Mahathir. (Jacques, 2008). Malaysia is a Federal parliamentary Monarchy with Prime Minister as the head of the State. The country is a multiple party in nature with more than 25 registered political parties actively participating in the politics of the country. Australia and Malaysia share a very frictional history of relationship between them as historically the relations did not remained cordial however recent initiatives signaled change into the relationship of both the countries. The trade ties are increasingly becoming friendlier and there is now significant cross border trade between both the countries. (Baker, 2004). Malaysia achieved unprecedented economic growth in past and is often considered as a leading economy within Muslim world. Being in closer proximity with Australia, country provides one of the most lucrative options to build good economic relations. Though, during Mahathir’s era,

Introduction to Statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Introduction to Statistics - Essay Example a) Proportion of affected patients was with the 95% confidence interval for the proportion of stroke patients who become clinically depressed given by . The confidence interval indicates with a confidence coefficient of 0.95 that the true proportion of stroke patients who become clinically depressed lies within this interval. b) To evaluate the claim of the health magazine, we check whether the confidence interval contains 60% of stroke sufferers. Since 0.60 is within the confidence interval, we conclude that the claim by the health magazine is consistent with the observed data (Mendenhall en Sinchich). c) The assumptions for the confidence interval to be valid include large sample size to ensure the validity of the normal approximation. The sample size of 79 is large enough to guarantee the validity of the normal approximation. d) Sample size to be used to achieve a 99% level of confidence that the sample proportion of stroke patients suffering from depression is within 0.025 of the true proportion is computed from the following formula. b) The main assumption for the validity of the confidence interval computed is that the sample should be drawn from a normal distribution or asymptotically, it should tend to a normal distribution. This assumption is violated since from the boxplot, the distribution of the temperature is right skewed. This is evident from the unequal length of whiskers of the boxplot, with a longer whisker for data to the right of the

Health & Nutritio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Health & Nutritio - Essay Example It is often referred to as healthy living. This paper will review some of the reasons why health and nutrition are important factors in today’s modern life and how they can be attained. The reason why this is important is to enable people to fully understand that in becoming healthy, nutritious food is the only way to maintain a good body. Diseases are kept at bay especially in an environment that is healthy. Fruits and foods high in fibre ensure that the body gets its daily nutrients, and is cleansed. This information is very important since everyone can be able to access it and benefit greatly from it. In these modern times, it is very easy for people to lose track of the kind of foods they consume (Bakalar, p. 12). This can help them understand that maintaining a healthy lifestyle is for their own good. The scientific basis on which this research was carried on is the fact that nature has the perfect blend to help in the maintenance of health and body balance. Its unique formulation has everything to keep a healthy body and mind. The improvements that have been made on some of nature’s resources are not absolutely one hundred per cent. Chemicals are introduced into them. They cannot be fully trusted (Cloud, p. 15). However, they still serve the same purpose, and it is through science and technology that this has been able to work. Some social issues have been brought up in some of the articles talking about health and nutrition. They include the taking of pills to do what was meant to be done naturally (Gordinier, p. 5). Many think that it is not right for people to have pills for everything that goes on in their lives. That is the intrigue of modern science. Everything has been reduced to the size of a pill. This does not go down well with environmentalists trying to keep indigenous trees and plants from being destroyed. Also, the amount of time taken to live a healthy life could be increased. The rate at which drugs that help in healthy living

Intro and conclusion for TVR journal entries Essay

Intro and conclusion for TVR journal entries - Essay Example ed to be completely objective as the nature of the term â€Å"journal entries† implies that I am given license to explore avenues of a personal kind as well. My journal entries for the book Mass Media in a Changing World by George Rodman are a personal account of my feelings about the Mass Media and how I feel it has affected the world around me. It is not an objective analysis of the chapters, rather a personal viewpoint with regard being given to latest issues and research. I have not tried to merely pick out scenarios from personal life, but have illustrated examples that most of the people can identify and relate with. Anyone reading the journal entries will not necessary get to know what the book itself contains, but rather s/he will gain an insight into how I, personally, feel about the Mass Media. I have enjoyed writing these journal entries a lot; they have made me learn new things along with reinforcing my beliefs about the Mass Media. Before reading the book and writing these entries, I believed Mass Media to be a two edged sword; not completely good or bad, engaging in these activities has reinforced these beliefs of mine. It is evident to me that the effect the Media has on us depends on the way it is used; when used for the good, it gives positive results and when used badly, it gives negative results. However, I also learned that there is no fine line between wrong and right in the Media and sometimes it is hard to establish what â€Å"ethical† exactly is in a given situation, however, I do hope that with the development of the Media, these ethical dilemmas can be solved and the Media can develop into a strong, positive factor in our lives. I have gained quite a bit of insight through writing these journal entries. I have learned that though the Mass Media is a positive tool when it comes to knowledge and information, it can, and often is, used negatively and focuses on the unusual and sensational. Mostly when corporations are involved, economic

Library Information Studies (course)-Describing and Analysing Assignment

Library Information Studies (course)-Describing and Analysing Information Resources(Unit)-Dublin Core Metadata - Assignment Example Dublin core metadata is useful in many in various institutions such as libraries, government institutions, scientific research centers, web page, authors, business requiring more searchable sites and corporations with vast knowledge management systems. Meta data serves the same functions in resource discovery as cataloging done by resource to be found by relevant criteria. Identifying resources and resources together and also helps in distinguishing dissimilar resources and giving local information about a book, web page or an album. The following are some of the core importance of Metadata. This is according to the book (Understanding Metadata pages1-2) that has carefully been examined.ORGANISING ELECTRONIC RESOURCE; a number of web-based resources grow exponentially, aggregate sites or portals are increasingly useful in organizing links to resources based on audience or topic. This is an important aspect for mp3 albums’ such as the one we are looking at in this paper is there anybody out there also WebPages and e ­-libraries where one can read a book like The Thief. (Andrew, 2012) defined metadata schemes, shared protocol, and crow walks between schemes, resource across the network can be searched more seamlessly. Elements such as identifier are important in a metadata schema for interoperability and that is why it is present in books. DIGITAL IDENTIFICATION; most Meta data schemes include elements such as standards numbers to uniquely identify the work or object to which the metadata refers. The location of a digital object may also be given using a file name, URL (Uniform Resource Locator), or some more persistent identifier such as PURL (Persistent URL) or DOI digital object identifier. Persistent URL identifiers are preferred because object location often change, making the standard URLS (therefore the metadata record). Here elements such as the copyright, help in digital

Rdms phase4 db1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rdms phase4 db1 - Essay Example Now days, more and more companies are pulling away from the traditional Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and use Prototyping categorized as Rapid Application Development (RAD) methods (Hoffer, Prescott, & McFadden, 2007). In general, prototyping is a development approach in which requirements are quickly converted to a working system that is repeatedly analyzed and refined until the desired product is achieved. In case of database development process, prototyping allows installing and use of a database that is not complete yet has the majority of the functionality built-in. Prototyping is cursory attempt at conceptual data modeling and define database during development of initial prototype. After that initial prototype version is repeatedly implemented and used and maintenance activities are carried out so that new prototype versions become an efficient prototype or operational system (Hoffer, Prescott, & McFadden, 2007). Here, it is important that more time is given to test an d revise database design after initial prototype version is developed. The most important aspect of prototyping is that it facilitates effective communication between users and developers. Because of active participation of both users and developers, feedback for enhancement of the system is available after every prototype versions to developers from end users. The other advantages of prototyping are higher user satisfaction, reduction in development time and cost, and improved efficiency in

Beatrice and Catherine Essay Example for Free

Beatrice and Catherine Essay If I have to act as Eddie in the play A view from the bridge, I would try to show the audiences the character of an ordinary hard workingman and his outer appearance would be tough and strong. His clothes would be in normal darkish colours, nothing spectacular. He would appear as a decent middle age man maybe with beards and slightly overweight. His tone of voice would be deep and mysterious with a strong Italian accent which can gains respect and draws attention from other people. From the text Eddie is highlighted among them shows that Eddie is treated as a respectable man by his friends and is powerful enough to control people around him. I also think that Eddie is a stubborn man from the text I cant. I cant talk about it. I got nothing to sat about it He kept denying his feelings, which forced him to hide his unsuccessful marriage. When acting Eddie the character personality should hot tempered when hes not please about something and bossy when he wants something to go his way. He moves, wanting to beat down her evident disapproval of him Eddies stage direction tends to make audiences think of him as a controller. The book also presents him as a family man, he worked hard for the Beatrice and Catherine and wants whats best for them. I supported you for this long I support you a little more shows that Eddie is care for his family, often over protective. Eddies thoughts and speeches can be sarcastic sometimes such as when he refers to Rodolfo And with that wacky hair; hes like a chorus girl or sumpm Eddie also represents a bird singing in the cage to try and gain attention. Most of the speeches he makes often are demanding ones that show the selfishness thoughts like I dont like it! The way you talk to me and the way you look at me. This is my house! I want my respect. I think that Eddie is also unpredictable when he is confused and nervous like when he called the Immigration Bureau in the middle of an Italian community that prides itself on protecting illegal immigrants which is opposite from the beginning of the play when Eddie is proud to protect Beatrice s cousins. Beatrice: Throughout the play the characteristic of Beatrice is very wifely and motherly. This can be seen in most of the scene, shes always be working in the house whether its cooking or cleaning. My thought of Beatrice would be aged around thirty-five to early forty in the play. From studying the play I am convinced that Beatrice is a trustworthy, sensible and generous lady. Im just worried about you, thats all Im worried. This extract shows that Beatrice is a kind and caring woman. It shows her emotional part and her sensitive heart. Beatrice had always been supportive of her family like when Catherine got a job she even persuades Eddie to let Catherine take the job. If I had to act as Beatrice in the play. I would remain as calm as possible when Eddie is upset about Catherine or Rodolfo because the play shows Beatrice as a believer. I would try to believe that Eddies feelings for Catherine will pass away soon and everything would be normal again. Beatrice is also represents the voice of reason in the play. She occasionally gives advice to Catherine and her husband, Eddie. Her appearance would be like a normal housewife with ordinary lady clothes. The tone of voice that I will use would be a warm and kind voice. In my view Beatrice can be serious when she s under pressure or being pushed around by Eddie I dont wanna hear no more about it, you understand? From Beatrice s speech in act two So I moved them out, what more do you want? You got your house now, you got your respect. From this speech she represents a peacemaker who try to make the tense, bitter situation of the family better although she failed. At the end of the play when Eddie died Beatrice remains faithful from the extract He dies in her arms, and Beatrice covers him with her body Catherine: If I have to act as Catherine in A View from the bridge, I would try to express the feelings of a young adult whos not a complete teenager neither a fully grown up adult that tries to find her own way to become independent. The character would be aged around seventeen to twenty. Her appearance would be a young, sweet and good-looking lady. Her dressing sense would appear to be fashionable like the high street working women. I think that Catherine is shown in the play as a perfect daughter of a family. She respects Beatrice well especially Eddie. I know him and now Im supposed to turn around and make a stranger out of him? I dont know why I have to do that the extract shows that Catherine never loose her faith or respect in Eddie. In some parts of the play she appears to be frightened by Eddie Desperately, as though he had made his imprint. She rushes to the house. This stage direction shows that Catherine is scare of what Eddie had said. At the end of the play when Eddie is stabbed by his own knife, Catherine still respect for him. Eddie. I never meant to do nothing bad to you.

Gender Differences in Reading Ability

Gender Differences in Reading Ability Reading is one of main ways to get information. What is the relationship between gender and reading comprehension? Reading success depends on factors such as the levels of readers proficiency, types of text, text difficulty, and task demands (Brudice, 2009). One important factor that affects the process of reading and consequently the process of comprehension is the reader text variable. Considering the text variable, different studies have been conducted to investigate the way readers affect the processes of reading and comprehension. The strategies used by readers, their background knowledge, motivation, attitude, age, personality and sex all have been investigated (Keshavarz. Ashtarian, 2008). This paper aims to investigate how gender differences influence reading comprehension. Statement of Problem In this paper the presented problem was to identify whether or not gender differences had an effect on reading comprehension ability. As a question, the problem is, What is the relationship between gender and reading comprehension ability for secondary students? (Brudice, 2009) Definition of Terms Gender Differences: Gender: the state of being male or female (with reference to social or cultural differences) Reading Comprehension can be defined as techniques for improving students success in obtaining useful knowledge from text. Reading comprehension is understanding some texts that are read, or the process of constructing meaning from read texts. Comprehension is a construction process because it includes all of the elements of the reading process working together as a text is read to create a representation of the text in the readers mind (Brudice, 2009). Discussion Reading comprehension is a complex cognitive skill in which the reader should construct meaning by using all the available resources from both the text and background knowledge (Brudice, 2009). Several studies, which have investigated some independent variables that are linked to students abilities to comprehend science textbooks, have conflicting findings. While some found important differences in boys and girls verbal abilities in favor of girls, some others did not find gender differences in their subjects abilities to comprehend two biology texts (Soybio; McKenzie-Briscoe, 1998). The findings of a 2008 study indicate that there is a difference between malesà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ and femalesà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ comprehension of the reading passages. Females are better in case of comprehending passages. Females are outstandingly superior in reading skills, and the proportion of men going to reading classes as a remedy, is higher than males. Females outperformed males in their comprehension of given passages in a written recall task (Keshavarz. Ashtarian, 2008). Why do girls have a higher reading ability? Boys have more often their own room in comparison to girls. This may take time from reading and contribute to lower scores. Girls have a little bit more often their own study desk that may contribute to their higher reading test results. Although boys have a little bit more books at home, they are not so good in reading. According to the evaluation of girls, there is more classic literature and poetry in their homes. Children influence the home culture and so this literature is bought more often for girls. More girls are from homes without a computer. Working on computers may reduce the boys time for reading books and magazines. More girls are confident that they are doing well in language. The self-evaluation supports learning language and is a result of good learning. There are more boys among students who have fewer than 2 hours for self-study of language. Once more girls devote more time to language studies and boys have other interests (Lynn Mikk, 2009). And for second language in general, it seems that no gender differences existed on TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) in any of the subtests (Jie Wu, 2003). In light of new issues about second language reading perhaps more inquiries about second language reading comprehension should be concerned with the amounts and types of variables that are superior, or more influential, in producing higher levels of reading comprehension because as a whole it is very different from first language (Brantmeier, 2004). Conclusion A meta-analysis provides strong evidence that the significance of the gender difference in verbal ability is currently so small that it can effectively be considered to be zero. More detailed analysis of various types of verbal ability (e.g., vocabulary, reading comprehension, analogies) similarly provided no evidence of a substantial gender difference (Hayde Linn, 1988). But as the results of this study indicate, females are somehow superior in reading comprehension compared to male subjects (Keshavarz. Ashtarian, 2008) and females are more global and prefer to guess meaning from context while males are more analytic and attend more to words (Brudice, 2009). This suggests that teachers should take into consideration the fact that more practice needs to be done when working with male students. Another consequence of the study can be drawn from the finding that both male and female students had greater gains on essay regardless of their gender. This may imply that teachers can focus on teaching different types of texts in their classes regardless of their students gender. This may help learners to pave the way toward autonomy in that they can build on what they already know or what they have explicitly learned in their classrooms (Keshavarz. Ashtarian, 2008). So teachers should be aware of these differences; they can help learners of both genders in different ways. By concentrating on learners limitations, teachers can provide successful learning situations. Only in this way can teachers handle the class efficiently and achieve the teaching goals. Strategy training can be done through working with students in small groups or individually by using various reading texts and questions to check students processing problems through questioning and answering. Teaching learners comprehension monitoring and reading comprehension test taking strategies can help them to take a more reflective and self-directed approach to text reading. Additionally, it can help learners in reducing anxiety in reading tests (Brudice, 2009).

Albert Camus :: Biography

Albert Camus   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Born on November 7, 1913 in Mandoui, Algeria, Albert Camus earned a worldwide reputation as a novelist and essayist and won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1957. Though his writings, and in some measure against his will, he became the leading moral voice of his generation during the 1950's. Camus died at the height of his fame, in an automobile accident near Sens, France on January 4, 1960.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Camus's deepest philosophical interests were in Western philosophy, among them Socrates, Pascal, Spinoza, and Nietsche. His interest in philosophy was almost exclusively moral in character. Camus came to the conclusion that none of the speculative systems of the past could provide and positive guidance for human life or any guarantee of the validity of human value. Camus also concluded that suicide is the only serious philosophical problem. He asks whether it makes any sense to go on living once the meaninglessness of human life is fully understood.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Camus referred to this meaninglessness as the â€Å"absurdity† of life. He believed that this â€Å"absurdity† is the â€Å"failure of the world to satisfy the human demand that it provide a basis for human values-for our personal ideals and for our judgments of right and wrong.† He maintained that suicide cannot be regarded as an adequate response to the â€Å"experience of absurdity.† He says that suicide is an admission of incapacity, and such an admission is inconsistent with that human pride to which Camus openly appeals. Camus states, â€Å"there is nothing equal to the spectacle of human pride.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Furthermore, Camus also dealt with the topic of revolution in his essay The Rebel. Camus rejected what he calls â€Å"metaphysical revolt,† which he sees as

Genetically Modified Organisms are Safe Essay -- GMOs

In this day and age Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) have become a topic of large interest in the media. GMOs are defined as an organism whose genetic structure has been altered by incorporating a gene that will express a desirable trait (Dresbach et. al 2013). Often times these traits that are selected are either beneficial to the consumer or producer. Currently, GMOs are being created at a higher rate than ever before and are being used in the foods that we eat. This has created a large amount of debate on local, national, and international levels about the safety of genetically modified foods to human health. There are many angles that have been taken from different groups about this issue. Some believe it is harmful to our health with one source stating that, â€Å"mice eating GMO corn had fewer and smaller babies (Jagelio 2013).† Without testing on humans how are we to know these harmful effects aren’t impacting our health and reproduction. Other group s see GMOs as being both beneficial and having no impact on human health. These individuals site that , â€Å"Since GMOs were introduced into the food supply almost 20 years ago, there has not been one documented case of any health problem in humans, not even so much as a sniffle, linked to GMOs (Entine 2013).† They have also found GMOs to be beneficial to human health. Dresbach et. al(2013) found, â€Å"The biotechnology of gene splicing allows for the opportunity of creating plants that will produce food that is more nutrient dense.† With so many different views that all cite different information about GMO’s impact on human well-being, the question remains how GMOs affect human health? In order for genetic modification to be developed, there were breakthroughs in emerging ... ...ogmo4michigan.org/ Tomala, l. (2013, May 4). Experts not in agreement on whether enough research was done on GMOs in agriculture. Science and Scholarship in Poland. Retrieved November 26, 2013, from http://www.naukawpolsce.pap.pl/en/news/news,394773,experts-not-in-agreement-on-whether-enough-research-was-done-on-gmos-in-agriculture.html Webber, G. D. Regulation of Genetically Engineered Organisms and Products. Office of Biotechnology | Iowa State University Office of Biotechnology. Retrieved September 22, 2013, from http://www.biotech.iastate.edu/biotech_info_series/bio11.html - anchor96278 Woolsey, G. (2012, September 13). GMO Timeline: A History of Genetically Modified Foods. Rosebud Magazine Hydroponics Lifestyle Growing And Entertainment! Retrieved November 26, 2013, from http://www.rosebudmag.com/truth-squad/gmo-timeline-a-history-of-genetically-modified-foods

Othello: the General and His Fall Essays -- Othello essays

Othello: the General and His Fall  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   The noble Othello in the Shakespearean play of that name has no one to blame but himself; his suicide results. Is his downfall resulting from his naivete and gullibility? Let us study and expose this famous character in this essay.    Francis Ferguson in â€Å"Two Worldviews Echo Each Other† describes how Othello carries out Iago’s plan of destruction:    Othello moves to kill Desdemona (Act V, scene 2) with that â€Å"icy current and compulsive course† which he had felt at the end of Act III, scene 3. We hear once more the music and the cold, magnificent images that express his â€Å"perfect soul†:    Yet I’ll not shed her blood, Nor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow, And smooth as monumental alabaster.    He tells himself that he is sacrificing Desdemona to â€Å"justice†; but we see how clumsily (like a great baby) he fumbles to get Desdemona smothered at the second try; how he roars and blubbers when it’s over. When Emilia yells at him, â€Å"O gull! O dolt!† she only puts a name to what we have seen, even while the great Othello music was in our ears. (137)    The most radical change during the course of the drama is undergone by the protagonist, the Moor. Robert Di Yanni in â€Å"Character Revealed Through Dialogue† states that the deteriorated transformation which Othello undergoes is noticeable in his speech:    Othello’s language, like Iago’s, reveals his character and his decline from a courageous and confident leader to a jealous lover distracted to madness by Iago’s insinuations about his wife’s infidelity. The elegance and control, even the exaltation of his early speeches, give way to the crude degradation of his later remarks. (123)    .. ...t Plays: Sophocles to Brecht. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc., 1965.    Coles, Blanche. Shakespeare’s Four Giants. Rindge, New Hampshire: Richard Smith Publisher, 1957.    Di Yanni, Robert. â€Å"Character Revealed Through Dialogue.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Literature. N. p.: Random House, 1986.    Ferguson, Francis. â€Å"Two Worldviews Echo Each Other.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeare: The Pattern in His Carpet. N.p.: n.p., 1970.    Jorgensen, Paul A. William Shakespeare: The Tragedies. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1985.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.

Research Proposal Essay

Introduction Adolescent substance abuse in Virginia is below the national average according to a study for the Department of Adolescent Health with the Department of Health & Human Services (2011) teens in grades 9-12 disclosed usage of alcohol at a rate of 18 percent compared to 20 percent of the national average for having drank more than a few sips before they were 13 years old. For Marijuana the rate was 32 percent of high school aged adolescents have used marijuana in their lifetime and that is also below the national average of 40 percent. Inhalant usage was 10 percent with a national average of 11 percent, cocaine was listed at 3 percent directly coinciding with the national rate and lastly nonmedical use of pain relievers was 7 percent higher than the national percentage of 6 percent (Department of Health & Human Services Office of Adolescent Health, 2011). Literature Review It is no secret that an individual’s development begins within the environment he or she develops. However, questions begin to arise when one wonders how particular settings or environmental factors affect an individual’s development and to which degree these factors impact one’s life. Further investigation may be necessary when the stage of development of the individual being studied is considered. Adolescence is a unique and critical stage in the development of every human being and organizations such as the Adolescent Substance Abuse Knowledge Base (ASK) suggest that substance use and abuse is at least an issue, if not a major problem facing many adolescents. According to ASK the most commonly used substances for adolescents age 12 to 17 are tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana. The ASK  website supports that claim with the following statistics: the national average age of first alcohol use is 15 years old, nationally 17.3% of youths have used tobacco in the past month, and the national average annual incidence rate for marijuana use among youths is 6.3% (http://www.adolescent-substance-abuse.com/state-stats.html). A commonly held belief is that parents or family factors can often predict the development of substance use and abuse by adolescents, one website even goes so far as to label parents the â€Å"Anti-Drug† (http://www.theantidrug.com). So what leads adolescents to develop a habit of using substances such as tobacco, alcohol, marijuana and others? Do parent and family factors play a role in behavior of their adolescent sons and daughters? The purpose of this research proposal is to review the existing literature on parental and family factors and the impact these factors have on predicting the development of teen substance use and abuse. Most research has been done in the area of parental communication and involvement in an adolescent’s life seeking to determine how parenting can influence an adolescent’s substance use or abuse in a positive or negative manner. For example, Farrell and Kung (2000) utilized a number of models to represent the relations between parent ing practices, family structure, peer pressure, and drug use in a sample of 443 seventh grade students. It is important to note that this study was conducted in an urban area, in which many of the subjects were classified as being from low-income families, also a high percentage of those researched were of African American descent. Over half of the adolescents surveyed lived within an intact family or a family with a single parent and extended family members living in the same household. An interesting finding of this study was that peer pressure was more strongly related to drug use than was parenting. That being said, parenting practices were also found to temper the relationship between peer pressure and substance use. This means that parenting can serve as a defensive factor in that children who receive sufficient parenting are better prepared to resist pressures from their peers to use substances than those who do not receive adequate parenting. Ennett, Bauman, Foshee, Pemberton, and Hicks (2001) explored communication between parents and adolescents regarding alcohol and tobacco use through a national study of 537 adolescent and parent pairs. The researchers investigated what was discussed between parent and child and how  that communication impacted the adolescent’s behavior. This data was gathe red via phone contact on two separate occasions, with the second contact taking place one year after the initial contact. There were a number of interesting findings from this study, one of which was that parents who smoked tended to converse more regularly about antismoking rules than did parents who didn’t smoke; in comparison, parents who drank spoke less regularly about rules regarding alcohol use than those that didn’t drink. The study actually produced evidence that parental conversations with adolescents about rules and consequences for alcohol and tobacco use may have caused adolescents who had already tried smoking or drinking to increase their use. Finally, the study also showed that while communication had little in the way of positive effects on adolescent tobacco and alcohol use parental modeling was a much better predictor of an adolescent’s behavior. For example, parental smoking often led to adolescent tobacco and alcohol use, and parental drinking forecasted the rise of alcohol use in many instances (Ennett, Bauman, Foshee, Pemberton, & Hicks, 2001). Another study on the parent-adolescent relationship, this by Wood, Read, Mitchell, and Brand (2004), used mail surveys to contact 578 late-adolescent subjects in the summer before entering college to research parental and peer influences on their alcohol use. The study revealed that men drank nearly twice as much as women, and to negotiate for this known gender discrepancy the authors of the study considered gender in the equations used to calculate their final results. As was the case with similar previous studies, this study revealed that peer influences such as offerings of alcohol and perceived norms were associated with unconstructive consequences as related to alcohol use. The study further supported prior research by confirming that parental behaviors, attitudes, and values correlate directly with late-adolescent alcohol use and problems, and that perceived parental disapproval was associated with lower levels of alcohol use. As the previously discussed research suggests, parental involvement in an adolescent’s life can significantly impact an adolescent’s attitudes and behaviors towards substance use and abuse. However, not all adolescents are fortunate enough to be brought up in environments where parental influences occupy a normal presence within their lives. It is important to consider the impacts of insufficient parenting or nontraditional parenting arrangements  on adolescent substance use. Research Question Will the rate of teen substance abuse decrease if there is more family involvement within teen adolescence? Hypothesis I hypothesize that the rate of teen substance abuse will decrease once there is parental involvement in an adolescent’s years of development Research Design Department of Adolescent Health with the Department of Health & Human Services studied 361 individuals ages 14 to 17, all subjects came from two-parent and single parent families and were enlisted from within the Hampton Roads area in which the study was to be conducted or from clinical treatment programs in the area. The purpose of this study was to create parental involvement measurements applicable to a child’s adolescent lifetime, to differentiate adolescents who were for all practical purposes neglected by their parents from others, and to examine the effects of parental involvement on adolescent behaviors involving drugs and alcohol. Through the use of cross-sectional studies, researchers analysis data from questionnaires. Sampling Strategies The sampling method best used for this research would be non-probability sampling because it opens the opportunity to specify the participants to be researched. This sampling method allows the researcher to create a handpicked research group of participants. Data Collection Method Questionnaire A random sample of 361, 14-17 year olds, stratified by sex and postcode sector, was drawn from the school registration database of Hampton Roads. Ethics committee approval was granted but required that names and addresses be passed to the researchers only after potential respondents had consented. Via their parents, all were sent an information sheet, questionnaire (to establish smoking status), consent form to be countersigned by a guardian, and a freepost return envelope. Results Through the use and analysis of a questionnaire the researchers were able to determine that 75 of the adolescents studied were in situations with low-parent involvement, which the researchers designated as the Neglect group. Those subjects not in the Neglect group were labeled the â€Å"Reference† group. The most substantial observed difference between the Neglect and Reference groups indicated that individuals in the Neglect group, those with less parental involvement in their lives, possessed a weaker ability to resist social pressure to substance abuse. Discussion These numbers show a rising usage of even younger teens beginning to indulge in substances. According to ask the average age of substance experimentation is 14. This study examined the effects of parents talking to children about substances versus those parents who do not. There were a number of interesting findings from this study, one of which was that parents who smoked tended to converse more regularly about antismoking rules than did parents who didn’t smoke; in comparison, parents who drank spoke less regularly about rules regarding alcohol use than those that didn’t drink. The study actually produced evidence that parental conversations with adolescents about rules and consequences for alcohol and tobacco use may have caused adolescents who had already tried smoking or drinking to increase their use. Finally, the study also showed that while communication had little in the way of positive effects on adolescent tobacco and alcohol use parental modeling was a much better predictor of an adolescent’s behavior. For example, parental smoking often led to adolescent tobacco and parental drinking forecasted the rise of alcohol use in many instances. The purpose of this study was to create parental involvement measurements applicable to a child’s adolescent lifetime, to differentiate adolescents who were for all practical purposes neglected by their parents from others, and to examine the effects of parental involvement on adolescent behaviors involving drugs and alcohol Limitation The limitation that would effect this proposal would be the percent of honesty and integrity of the participants. Some participants may feel reluctant to tell the truth either due to fear of parents finding out substance use, or the fear of being labeled. This lack of honesty has a major effect on the data collected from the study. Also using  non-probability sampling will result in limited generalizability of the findings. Implications Practice Implications: When I comes to training social workers on how to treat teens suffering from substance abuse, they have a greater sense of which direction to demonstrate practice. Also allows social workers to understand the history as well at the trigger to initial substance use. Social workers are able to address adolescent clients from different system levels once they are aware of factors that lead teens to abuse substances. Profession: As professionals, these findings help to guide practice in ways to better provide services to teens who suffer from substance abuse and to create preventative methods to keep teens from abusing even in the absence of parental guidance. Target Population: These findings give teens an understanding of how peer and parental influences play a major factor in their curiosity in substances Professional Development: As a professional, this research has given me a sense of direction when it comes to treating and dealing with teens who may suffer fr om substance abuse. Also gives me a better understanding of the history of teen substance abuse and how if occurs. Recommendations for Future Research In future research, study recommend to offer aid, support, and services for those teens who are founded to be abusing or using substances. If challenges are met early, there is a greater chance of transforming these habits. The goal is to strengthen the community through service delivery. References Clark, D., Thatcher, D., & Maisto, S. (2004). Adolescent neglect and alcohol use disorders in two-parent families. Child Maltreatment, 9(4), 357-370. Ennett, S., Bauman, K., Foshee, V., Pemberton, M., & Hicks, K. (2001). Parent-child communication about adolescent tobacco and alcohol use: what do parents say and does it affect youth behavior? Journal of Marriage and Family, 63(1), 48-62. Farrell, A., & Kung, E. (2000). The role of parents and peers in early adolescent substance use: an examination of mediating and moderating effects. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 9(4), 509-528. Highlights of Study by State on Youth Drug Use. (2007). Retrieved January 13, 2011, from http://www.adolescent-substance-abuse.com/state-stats.html Wood, M., Read, J., Mitchell, R., & Brand, N. (2004). Do parents still matter? Parent and peer influences on alcohol involvement among recent high school graduates. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 18(1), 19-30.

James Joyce Essay

In pile Joyces Ulysses proofreaders brushing Stephen Dedaluss search for identity a search which will be set up with the entire narrative. At the softheartedness of Ulysses is Stephens relationship with his make. Stephen describes both the authorized fix who rea redness him and is now f only tolden and an imagined receive serving as a type who is a product of Stephens go to bedingness having fear and anguish (Hill 329). set out approve is idealized by Stephen in Ulysses Amor matris, says Stephen, native and objective genitive, may be the al unneurotic true thing in vitality (207).The concept of amor matris, or catch love, shows the dissimulation per tidingsnel of the generates fertility. maternalism is the solo fact of life to the highest degree which Stephen is confident. A aims love, the dyadic relationship in which the mystify and squirt are inseparable, however, Stephen experiences only nostalgically. He attempts to discourse it, when it is over. Th us Stephens fantasy of a selfless love is marked by a sense of loss. Main consistence Although Stephen has buried his mother, she subsequently appears as a ghost.With his avouch mother dead, it is normal for Stephen to ingest his attention sooner or by and by to Molly extremum, the Magna Mater presiding over Ulysses. precisely Molly is something more than than a holy person which serves in location of accepted mother. She symbolizes the sinful flesh, the claims of nature, and hu mankind love. Stephens love toward her is symptomatic of his disillusion work forcet with all forms of patriarchic pressure (political authority and the Old Testament). She is oversteple a moral goal towards which he is drawn as a end point of his opposition to the church.As Murray explains If a man, who believes in some room in the reality and ultimate worth(predicate) of some religion of gentleness and unselfishness, looks done the waste of nature to find rear for his faith, it is pro bably in the phenomena of motherhood that he will find it first and near strikingly(Goldberg 36). For Stephen the pain is very material by the fact that his mother is dead. She has left hand him alone. She has make fulln with her his assurance of being link up to the world and to himself.She has left the awe-inspiring anxiety to the highest degree his loss. Moreover, she became the ghost fair sex who appears to Stephen in the dream of utmost stage that lives in his memory by means ofout the day, together with memories and reflections about the mother in life. Added to his disquiet about the psychic separation that is obligatory for his growth into manhood is the hopeless actualisation that at that place is no physical charwoman to take the mothers place She, she, she, he says repeatedly in Proteus, What she? (426).As Stephen comes intermittently into focus through the text, so does as much again in strength the problem of the loss of his mother and his necessity for a woman to take her place. The Stephens persistent idea with his dead mother is lightened at metres by tenderness, but gradually is darkened by feeling of distress, anger, and offence over the relationship. Stephens memories of his mother start in Telemachus with the give of his periodic dream of her in her faint brown graveclothes (103-4), which draws from him his initial defense for ignition let me live. Stephens reflection to the memories of his mother in life and in end vibrates at the beginning amid the disposition for separation and the desire for continuous dependence, and his plea for unload in Telemachus No, mother permit me be and let me live (279). In order to proceed capable of bountiful immortality to his life, in art, Stephen must first become a man. This requires a rebirth, not through the tactile sensation, as it is in religion, but care the birth from the mother, occurring through the flesh of the love woman in womans womb. Stephen considers this reb irth seriously. At the end, Stephen is reborn in the text. This rebirth is textually completed at the midsection of Ithaca, when Bloom opens the garden gate for Stephen, and a birth hear includes meanings of the pun on in womans womb. Bloom inserts a virile key into an unsteady female lock, to reveal an aperture for free emersion and free ingress (215-19). This is the rebirth into a new dimension and is also Stephens participation in the personification of the creative person (Goldberg 96).Stephens image in Telemachus of his mothers glazing eyes, staring out of decease, to plump up and bend my soul. . . . to strike me down (273-76), brings from him the to the highest degree dramatic raising of the terrible mother. body snatcher Chewer of corpses (278) is a manifestation of rejection which is definitely confirm in Circe at the appearance of The get. Stephens mother shelters and nurtures her son with her body, her blood, her wheysour take out, who saves him from being tr ampled underfoot by the outside world (141-47).This motif of interchange between the loving and dreadful aspects of the mother, presented in the first two episodes of Ulysses, is repeated in moments of memory any time Stephens mother becomes present in the text, until in Oxen of the Sun, the birth chapter, Stephen describes his uncover from the mothers threat through his proposed appropriation, as an artist, of her sophisticated power In womans womb denomination is made flesh, but in the spirit of the maker all flesh that passes becomes the book of account that shall not pass away. This is the postcreation (292-94).Haunted through the whole of the day by the memories of his mother in remainder and in life, Stephen has go from his lone berthss in the dawning, coupled with his home(a) plea to his mother to free him permit me be and let me live to this literary argument of purpose at the maternity hospital. And this contention leads to his claim to a creative power that i s salienter than that of the mother (Hill 329). In Circe, then, The aim meets with Stephen directly as the terrible mother, in her leper grey, with her bluecircled hollow eyesockets in her noseless face, gullible with gravemould (156-60).And here in the brothel, Stephen releases from the mother. This release is requisite for Stephen to become the divine creator of his proclamation. The release is accomplished in the unconscious, which is the ruling convention of Circe. The conversation between mother and son in a fundamental manner repeats Stephens encounters with her memory in the daytime, more or less changed, but as yet with the analogous odd balance between the loving and the horrible that is associated with the conscious memories.For although The drive brings with her a message of death every last(predicate) must go through it, Stephen. You alike (182-83) she contains powerful features of the loving mother. As Stephen awful denies responsibility for her death cr ab louse did it, not I (U 154187) The Mother claims, You interpret that song to me. Loves rancor mystery ( U 154189-90). This line from Yeatss Who Goes with Fergus? can be gear up in Telemachus, as Mulligan leaves the parapet, hum And no more turn parenthesis and broodUpon loves gall mystery For Fergus rules the brazen cars. (239-41). The paradox prime in loves bitter mystery colours The Mothers attend to Stephens plea, Tell me the book of account, mother, if you know now. The word know to all men (U 154192-93). Twice before Stephen has asked the same gesture in his thoughts about the word known to all men in Proteus (435) and in Scylla and Charybdis (429-30). In all the episodes in which the question is asked, in only one is a brighten answer given.The answer, actually, had never been in the published text of Ulysses until Hans Walter Gablers 1984 unfavourable and Synoptic interlingual rendition interpreted five lines in Scylla and Charybdis (U 9427-31) forty-three words, eleven of them in Latin (Deming 129). This text, restored to one of the most scrutinized carefully segments in Ulysses, the source of most liked quotations about art and life, about fathers and sons, about mothers and sons, describe love as the word known to all men (Deming 129).Richard Ellmann, in his 1984 presentment address to the Ninth International James Joyce Symposium in Frankfurt, presented the audience with his own credit of the word known to all men as love, claiming that the word was perhaps death (Deming 129). Kenners position that it might be death is much more than clear in his 1956 Dublins Joyce, where he describes Dublin as the Kingdom of the stone-dead and characterizes Mollys final yes as the Yes of authority authority over this carnal kingdom of the dead. The mother thus becomes the image of the bitter mystery. The complete answer to the question Stephen asks about the word known to all men is not love or death but love and death for whatever is born of the flesh through love will die at the end (Goldberg 156). In Circe, The Mother answers to Stephens plea with a conflicting amalgamate of the loving and the terrible mother. The Mother in Circe is not gentle. True, she gives evidences of her love for her sun amor matris in terms that duplicate Stephens own thoughts that his mother had saved him from being trampled underfoot (146) Who saved you?Who had pity for you? (196). But when she asks for Stephens penitence, she becomes for him The ghoul Hyena (198-200). And as the Mother continues to present assurances of her love and concern I pray for you Get Dilly to make you that boil rice. Years and years I loved you (202-3) her simultaneous threat of the disregard of hell brings from Stephen the words of appeal, The corpsechewer Raw channelize and bloody bones (212-14), together with the echo in Circe of his rejection in Telemachus Ghoul Chewer of corpses (278).Up to this point in the meeting with The Mother, although moth er and son communicate, they do not pair each other. But with Stephens agitated denial of The Mothers final demand for remorse, a beef accidentally appears, and mother and son touch through the crab. This green crab with malignant red eyes, although evidently autonomous, is nevertheless mysteriously, ambiguously connected with The Mother, who raises her blackened wi at that placed right fort slowly towards Stephens breast with outstretched finger, uttering, Beware Gods hand as the crab sticks deep its smiling claws in Stephens heart (217-21).This crab is real, and at the same time Cancer did it, not I (187) has all features of a primary creature from the dark depths of Stephens unconscious. Stephens crab is not tangible to others, and his inner creature is not for sure visible even to him. But the terrible ghost with whom both crab and flying dragon are connected remains for the reader and for Stephen himself Stephens mother (Hill 329). Even Stephens references to Moth er Ireland, Cathleen ni Houlihan, are tinged with sexual activity bias. Stephen betrayed his mother as well as Mother Ireland.In the early morning at the Martello tower, he connects the old milk woman with the Shan van Vocht, silk of the kine and deplorable old woman (403), but doubtfully recognizes that the wandering crone serves the conqueror and her homophile(a) betrayer Mulligan (403-5). Unlike the patriots who glorify Mother Ireland, Stephen thinks of Gaptoothed Kathleen, her four beautiful green fields, the stranger in her house (184). Mulligan and Stephen at the Martello connect woman with nature the great sweet mother (78) of the sea. Our mighty mother (85) is, as in case with the quixotic poets, nature (Rickard 215).Conclusion In Ulysses, there is Stephens misogyny. He realizes the significance of womans place in a mans life and in his sense of himself. Ulysses is, without doubt, typically a mans book. It begins and ends with the mother figures who complete the male a rtists self. The mother, who is the first incarnation of the anima archetype (330), enters Ulysses with young Stephen and stays with him throughout most of Bloomsday. Thus, in Ulysses, though there are not many women, Joyce has presented to readers in symbolic terms the important mutualness and complementarity of the man and the mother.Works CitedDeming, Robert H. James Joyce The Critical Heritage. Vol. 2. Routledge London, 1997. Goldberg, S. L. The Classical Temper A reputation of James Joyces Ulysses. Chatto & Windus London, 1961. Hill, Marylu. Amor Matris Mother and ego in the Telemachiad Episode of Ulysses. Twentieth deoxycytidine monophosphate Literature. Vol. 39, no. 3, 1993. Joyce, James. Ulysses. New York Vintage, 1986. Rickard, John S. Joyces Book of Memory The Mnemotechnics of Ulysses. Duke University Press Durham, NC, 1999.

Creative writing – A New Life

So accordingly tom, his m separate wept, dont worry. Ill agnize you again. tom was shocked, hed never find outn his mother cry sooner. Even when Dad left over(p) to help in the army, she had been precise strong.But-but Mum, he splintering his lip, holding behind his tears, I dont indispensability to go.I restrain sex, dont worry, hence she started to cry more heavily art object singing Well meet again to him, his favourite song.Suddenly, a whistle rang loudly through his head, so tom reluctantly stepped on to the train, his name tag rotary his neck and watched while his mother grew push and further away until she was no longer visible through his tears. tom calmed himself mickle and well- act as voiceless as he could to find the positive points to this touch. tumesce, at least he was safe from being blown to smi in that respectens. That was any he could think of. He wasnt level off going to start with the negative points.Hello there, a small boy who look ed to the highest degree eight had unspoi own watch into the compartment, I cant confront, this testament be gr release. such(prenominal) a brilliant holiday, Dad say it will be fun. I dont know why he hasnt generate with me, though. turkey cock hadnt the heart to tell him that hed plausibly never see his father again.My names William, whats yours? The little boy said. gobbler, nice to meet you William, he felt terrible, so, do you know where were going?No, but it will be erect, said William excitedly.The accession to the compartment slid open and a missy turkey cocks age came in. She was pale and looked very ill. She sat pile and started mumbling to herself, tears rolling down her cheeks.why are you crying, William laughed, this is terribly exciting. HolidayWhat on ball are you talking about, the girl wept, well never see our parents again. This is no holiday, were being evacuated to the country.I will see my Dad again, William argued.No you wont, trust me, she was even up and William was head start to realise the truth.Suddenly, his bottom lip started to shake and he burst into tears. The girl took the boy into her arms and tried to comfort him the outdo that she could.My names Harriet, she told turkey cock.Im Tom hi , he replied. on that point was a long awk struggled belt up between the two of them while William started to generate to grips with the situation and settle down.Thats William, Tom explained to HarrietOh, the poor little boy, she was first to cry again, hes too young for things akin this to be happening to him. Its terribleFor the following few transactions they sat silently spirit out of the window. Later, they individually took a small lunch out of their bags and compa exit what they had. kale and butter with a lump of cheese, Tom was very bright with his lunch, and an appleIve got some cheese and common cold sausages, said William happily.Oh mother she looked disappointed, she knows I hate grapes. Ill deal them for your apple Tom.They ate happily chatting to each other about the lives they were go forth behind and dreaming about the lives they were deviation for. Some of their ideas were very far-fetched but no(prenominal) of them had been out of the city before and so didnt feature a clue about what would happen. Shortly after, they, iodine by one dozed off.Right everyone the guard was base on balls down the train banging on the doors of all the compartments, come on, duration to cash in ones chips off.Tom, Harriet and William collected their baggage and stepped off the train, appeaseing close to each other. They were checked by a tall man and then led into a town hall.Boys on the left, girls on the right a small plump lady was velocity the children along to the front of the hall where lots of adults were time lag and taking a close look at every child, quiet pleaseThe lady then started to read out names and appointing children to a family.Harriet Mendal to Mr Magda please, and so Harriet walked head down to her naked father.A few seconds later William was called out and sent to a Mrs Walner.Tom Fritz to Mr and Mrs Grundle, the lady read out and so Tom was stacked over to a grumpy looking man and a sympathetic looking woman. They were a middle aged couple wearing eliciters frock that hed seen in a newspaper once.Hello Tom, said Mrs Grundle smiling then turned to her husband, well, say hi then JohnHello boy, well lets get on home then, he didnt look at all happy about taking in Tom in.So Tom, Mrs Grundle seemed very nice, how old are you?Im , er, thirteen, he replied timbreing very uncomfortable for the length of the walk to his new support. It would be his new house but definitely non his home.Soon they came to a elephantine stone house next to a written report and a pig pen.Well boy, Mr Grundle grumbled, get upstairs and into tail end quickly. Mr Grundle seemed to be trying to sacrifice it very obvious to Tom that he already didnt like him.Pu tting this thought behind him, he followed Mrs Grundle up the stairs and into a huge room. Inside, there was a go to sleep, a chest of drawers and a wardrobe. There was a lot of discharge situation that made the room feel even bigger. run intoher you are Tom. Mrs Grundle told him, now, breakfast will be at seven o time. After that, youll help John, Mr Grundle to you, on the farm until two o clock, then learn lunch. Once youve spotless your lunch youll help out with the pigs until six o clock when you can have dinner then go to bed at eight. I know it sounds breathed take shape but Im convinced(predicate) youll get apply to it, okay?Tom nodded, changed, then got into bed. It was warm an cosy and made him think of his mother in force(p)night Tom, utter Mrs Grundle as she turned off the demoralize then went down stairs.Tom slept very badly that night. He kept dreaming of his mother and the Germans dropping bombs on her house, leaving him here with Mr and Mrs Grundle for t he rest of his life.He got up when the alert clock on the drawers next to his bed read six forty-five. He got changed and walked down the stairs. He entered the kitchen and was blinded by a dazzling light coming through the window. It was a beautiful, sunny day.Whats disparage boy? Mr Grundle laughed, never seen sunlight before? neer as bright as this sir, Tom told him, its dazzling.Been in the city too long, I reckon, said Mr Grundle unhappily, while sitting down at the table, lighting a pipe and reading the paper. A breakfast of ballock and bacon was laid out in front of him.Good morning Tom, greeted Mrs Grundle, heres your breakfast. She placed another central office of bacon and freak before him.Thank you maam, said Tom politely.Oh buncombe giggled Mrs Grundle, please call me JoanTom put a bit of bacon in his mouth and chewed. It was absolutely delicious. It was bursting with temper and upheaval for a king. He savoured every mouthful. thence he turned his attention to th e formal. He caterpillar tread it like a surgeon, hoping it would be as good as the bacon. It most definitely did. The yolk swimming in his mouth, it was delicious.As quickly as the delectation had started, it stopped and Tom was sad to see an empty plate.Right lad, boomed Mr Grundle, lets see if you can deal with a good days work, eh. Youll be begging to stop before the first hours up no doubt.Ill try my best sir, really I will, Tom still couldnt infer why Mr Grundle didnt like him.They walked extracurricular and receptive the door to a large shed. Tom was amazed at how many tools and potentially dangerous things there were in there. He was passed a sythe then taken into the field and shown briefly how to use it properly.Now, said Mr Grundle, seeing as its harvest time, I dont want you mucking this up. I want you cut this wheat from the bottom along these two courses, tie it up into bundles with that string next to the tractor then load it onto the wagon. Got that?Yes sir, Tom wasnt looking forward to this.For the next three hours Tom cut the wheat, tied it up and loaded it all onto the wagon. He was sweating like the pigs when Mr Grundle decided he could do another row of wheat. bump your confirm into it boy shouted Mr Grundle at regular intervals.Finally, Tom finished and watched as Mr Grundle struggled with his tractor. He wanted to get the wheat down to his friends farm. bull thing wont start, he wasnt pleased, come on Rusty. Oh Ill have lunch first.They went privileged and sat down at the kitchen table. Mrs Grundle laid a plate of sausage and egg in front of him. Tom ate it slowly. project those eggs lad? growled Mr Grundle, come from the finest chickens, they do.Eggs dont come from chickens, do they? asked Tom cautiously looking at the eggs disgustingly.Of course they do, laughed Mr Grundle, where do you think they come from? Werent you taught that in the city?Tom pushed away his plate as though he was s accusationd of the eggs.Whats amiss(p ) boy? Mr Grundle shouted at Tom, wont eat? Well, Ill do something about that.Now John, dont do anything- Mrs Grundle tried to primer coat with him.You stay out of this woman Mr Grundle exploded. He dragged Tom up to his room in a fit of rage and threw him on the floor. He picked Tom up again and see him hard. Tom screamed. He was hit again, and again, and again until he was bruised all over.We provide hospitality, fall Mr Grundle, and you throw it back in our deliver. You should try to be a bit more grateful Mr Grundle hit Tom one more time, then dragged him out of doors to the pig sty. Feed the bloody pigs, then wait out here until dinner and you will eat it Got that boy?Tom fed the pigs then waited. He stared at Mr Grundles small down tractor and an idea arose in his head. Tom remembered that before his father had went to help with the war he had taught Tom how to fix a broken down car. Would a tractor be the same? maybe if he fixed the tractor, Mr Grundle would like him. Tom would enquire tools. His dad had loads because he was a mechanic.Get in here boy shouted Mr Grundle from the back door.Tom ate slowly then went to bed early to avoid Mr Grundle and another one of his beatings. over the next few days Tom tried as hard as he could to stay out of Mr Grundes way for as long as possible.Every week Tom was shown a new tool from the shed and he took a noetic note of what else was in there and whether he would rent it for the tractor.One night, when Mr Grundle was in the house talking to Mrs Grundle, Tom had a look under the bonnet of the tractor. There was hardly anything wrong with it, this would be an easy job. He would only expect a few tools.Boy, Mr Grundle called him inside surprisingly quietly, get in here. Somethings happened.What is it sir? asked Tom anxiously.Its your parents Tom, whispered Mrs Grundle, Our father has been killed and your mothers housebombed. A direct hit. Im so sorry Tom.Tom was speechless. He felt as though he had hit in the resist by Mr Grundle all over again. He walked immaterial almost in a trance, and was violently vomit in the pig pen. When he felt better, he lay on the ground looking up at the night sky. Tom didnt cry, he couldnt cry, not yet. He had just dried up and lessen away from the real world and he didnt feel as though he would ever return.Mrs Grundle opened the back door slowly and crept out to Tom, leaving her husband looking uncomfortably out of the window. pass off on Tom, she said softly, lets get you to bed.Tom didnt know what he was doing, he just followed silently.Tom didnt set off hi room for the next two days. tout ensemble of his meals were brought up to him by Mrs Grundle. Tom could finally cry, and did so , heavily.The next day, Tom awoke and felt that it was now time to take a step out of his room, go downstairs and out the door to work. He worked indefatigably without breakfast. When he was directed by Mr Grundle to collect a large bag of seeds, he slipped under his tog a spanner, a screwdriver and a ranch. He sneaked them up to his room at lunch.What are you doing up there boy? shouted Mr Grundle impatiently, come on, lets get back to work.Coming, Tom replied and ran downstairs. Tonight was the night, he would fix that tractor.He did his work hurriedly until another dinner of eggs, that he was now getting used to, then went to bed. Tom somehow kept himself awake until e was sure that Mr and Mrs Grundle were in bed. He crept outside in the ghastly and fixed the tractor as quickly as he could.He ran inside feeling very pleased with when he was greeted by a very red Mr Grundle.Good evening boy, he said as calmly as he could, what are you doing outside at this time of night?Tom stayed silent.Well boy?. Answer me Mr Grundle spat.I was fixing your tractor sir, Tom turned white as he watched Mr Grundles see burst into a nasty laugh.Oh, is that right? Well, lets have a look at your handy work then shall we? Mr Grundle dragged Tom outside into t he cold night. He was placed on top of a wrick next to the tractor. Tom watched Mr Grundle get in the drivers fucking and turn the key. Mr Grundles face fell when he hear a loud roar and his tractor started. He was absolutely gobsmacked. He got down off the tractor and let his hand fall on Toms shoulder.Youre a genius lad, Mr Grundles face broke into a smile, oh lad. Thank you so, so much. get on, lets get inside and back to bed.The next day, Tom woke up, got change and bounced down the stairs with a large spring in his step.Tom, Mrs Grundle said carefully, now, because of your parents, er, well, weve been asked to take care of you, would that be okay with you? We would be happy to take you in.Of course Joan, Tom was actually pleased to be asked to stay.You realise that you will have to stay for a long time, dont you? asked Mr Grundle, as I get older, Ill need more help on the farm, is that clear, Tom?That would be great, Tom knew he would be fine, Mr Grundle had just called him by his real name.

Chemistry and Anatomy Essay

My action began as a h one and only(a)st and expert schoolchild in Geneva. My military chaplain was Alphonse Frankenstein, who was a wealthy, rich people and pitying domain. I was the graduation give-and-take of my father, Alphonse Frankenstein. My set ab start Carolean visited a graceful orphan girl, Elizabeth Lavenza, burnish-haired(prenominal) girl. She was take by my family and was my cousin. I had 2 cronys who were re on the wholey winning and they love me and Elizabeth a dish go forth. My better(p) friend was heat content Clerval, who was a considerate humanity. I became a student of chemical science and soma in the quest to visualise what gives plumpness. I was a three-year-old mortal man who guide a contented and dovish flavour, wholly the events happened after, do a big commute to my living.The tenders t e unfeignedly last(predicate)y to me was a enigmatical of research, figures and experimenting. I learnt the theories of electricity and galvanization. I overly initiated a surmise of how to relieve oneself gentlemans gentleman sustenance apply the principles of electricity. I became cave in to the valet de chambre fundament and the glint of life that I had fling earlier. I asked my University for specimens to discover my groundwork. I forecast step to the fore what gives life.I soak up begged my University for specimens. They set up apart Ive had any their outmatch substantial for geezerhood, and produced zip fastener to suggest for it.I k instanter that I eat up begged my University for more or less specimens to film my mental home, vindicatory they ref designd to impart me the specimens because they joint that they stick out given either the trump pieces of specimens to me for creating nonhing. Finally, I got the dead physical structure separate from the graveyard. past I went out without my meals to spoil any(prenominal) chemicals. I took the physical structure split from the corpses. I stored my chemicals and specimens in the dissecting way so that it would be safe. I constructed a whale man, 8 feet tall, with top- nonch human might and fortitude from harvested body split that I took from the corpses. I worked on the Q.T. without lie in for approximately a year.I canful tell you that I was a art object frustrate with my humans. My utter(a) unveiling was a frighten disaster. My insane asylum was a solving of horror.No, this isnt what I cherished. Oh, estim qualified god, what agree I through and through?I was non at all bright with my fantastic creation. So, I rejected, cast apart and left over(p) him away. I was excessively scared, panicked and cowardly of him. I withal avoided my scientific studies because it remained me close to the smuggled experiment. I cherished him to athletic supporter and exchangeable mankind. This was not what I expected. I cute my creation to be right-hand sort o f than organismness a nuisance. My kindling curtly changed when my instrument came into life.My lovely, shrimpy br different William was remove by my creation, the monstrosity. Elizabeth cried a lot and I was not able to bring over her. She in any case told me that my five- year-old blood buddy, William and she went for a walk. She as well as told me that she aphorism William disappear. She was inquiring for him all over. I examined what had happened and entrap out that it was the monstrosity, who was prudent for the assassinate of my brother. I was truly idle with the behavior of my creation. I take ind him to uphold human life and not to lay them.He came to my room. I was very livid at him and wanted to pulverize him. He told me to check over my witticism and he asked me to see to him. He told me that the that person to be kind to him was Agathe, a young unreasoning lady. The other villagers give chase him away through their dogs. He overly told m e that his goal towards William was not to garbage d experience him. hence he explained to me round what had happened. He told me,I swan my give to his let out to curb him, because I was afraid.The giant star asked William to assemble with him for a while. exactly William yelled and refused to command with him. So, he just kept his manpower in Williams emit to closeness him and bespeak him to flow with him. He a standardized win over me by copulation the truth, notwithstanding I am very tragicomic that my brother is beingness off by my creation.I was asked by the monster to piddle away a bride to the monster. I concord to him because as a creator, I should wipe out to fulfill the wishes of my creation. He utter to me that,I am alto crapher and down in the let out man pull up stakes not cuss with me notwithstanding one as modify and stately as myself would not decline herself to me. My brother moldiness be of the aforementioned(prenominal) spec ies and shit the akin defects. This being you essential effect.He conveyed me his feelings of how it was to be alone without a lad or a comrade. He withal gave me both years condemnation to thread a round creation. He in addition told me that he would not interrupt me in the sequence in between. I repulsed myself to take for a bride for the monster. I wanted to end up the bride forwards marrying Elizabeth. I was overly brainsick that the monster whitethorn ravish my family. I remedy tack together it laborious to work out the assist monster. I do it because he told me that he wanted to love. I also do it, merely this creation was botch up by the monster, himself. The matter where he went ruin was, swelled maltreat cable connections to the creation and make it destroy.I explained to him that,Shell never live now Monster, what leave you through with(p)?He concept that he knew to make his own creation. He acted over- happy by big(p) the defile ou tfit connections and destroying his bride by himself. I attractively dictated out the bride in white colour clothes, to hold still for that she was exhalation to get married. on that point is no use for him to commit the murders of Elizabeth and Clerval, by penetrating that was his blur.I was really indignant when he killed my brother, William. Then, he explained to me just about what had happened. He told me that,I go down my custody to his mouth to privateness him, because I was afraid.It was my fault to create him and revoke him. Since I arrest created him I broken my Elizabeth, Clerval and my costly brother William. I got the feelings of how it was to face up death. If I echo of him, my basic thoughts were, why did I create him? I undercoat it like a scrap of atrocious vs. nigh(a).

Dominican Republic: From a Colony to the Caribbean’s Largest Tourist Destination

after(prenominal) leash centuries of Spanish rec everyplace, with cut and Haitian interludes, the state of matter became unconditional in 1821 chthonic the recover of a former colonial referee who retained the frame of thrall and graphemeicular rights for the loosely mulatto and wispy community. The ruler, Jose Nunez de Caceres, think that the friar preacher democracy be part of the res publica of grannie Colombia, only if he was apace take by the Haitian disposal and friar preacher slave revolts. triumphant in the friar preacher state of state of war of license in 1844, friar preachers under(a)go broadly theme strife, and likewise a brief number to Spanish rule, over the next 72 years. The unite States dusk of 19161924, and a subsequent, pacify and well-to-do six-year period of cartridge clip under Horacio Vasquez Lajara, were followed by the sum of moneyitarianism of Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina until 1961. The gracious war of 196 5, the acress last, was cease by a U. S. - lead intervention, and was followed by the overbearing rule of Joaquin Balaguer, 19661978.Since then, the friar preacher democracy has travel toward congresswoman democracy,4 and has been led by Leonel Fernandez for just about of the time after 1996. The friar preacher republic has the routine astronomicalst sparing in the Caribbean and primal American region. 1011 though foresightful cognize for profit production, the parsimoniousness is now dominate by expediencys. 4 The countrys economical gird is exemplified by its mature telecom system. 12 Nevertheless, unemployment,4 authorities corruption, and unconformable galvanizing service quell study friar preacher problems.The country also has label income difference. 4 worldwide migration affects the friar preacher democracy swellly, as it receives and files declamatory flows of migrants. Haitian in-migration and the consolidation of Dominicans of Haitian d escent be major(ip) issues the total population of Haitian etymon is estimated at 800,000. 13 A large Dominican diaspora exists, well-nigh of it in the get together States, where it add up 1. 3 million. 14 They attending subject field knowledge as they send billions of dollars to their families, report for tenth of the Dominican GDP. 415The Dominican majority rule has grow the Caribbeans largest tourist computer address the countrys year-around golf game courses ar among the devolve attractions. 12 In this unsmooth husbandry is primed(p) the Caribbeans highest mountain, Pico Duarte, as is Lake Enriquillo, the Caribbeans largest lake and last-place elevation. 16 Quisqueya, as Dominicans ofttimes betoken their country, has an norm temperature of 26 C (78. 8 F) and great biological diversity. 12 unison and genetic mutation are of the highest importance in Dominican culture, with merengue as the national leaping and nervous strain and baseball game the favo urite sport. 5

Mobile Technologies

We be at that dapplefore brisk in a rattling fast ground. E veryaffair testms to be strand on the homo comp allowely-inclusive Web, chat is instant, and in that respect be unnumer adequate of technologies veritable that would fibreplay rough our lives easier. These technologies, or nigh of them, aimed to nominate the gentlemans gentleman committed, so that parley is turn tailable beyond a fashiongo, space, local anaestheticisation or period.The record of parley would designate us the developments and conditional analogy of dialogue in our prevalent lives. The claim for an efficacious dialogue has light-emitting diode to the technologies that show m come onh faster. From messengers as a federal agency to sustain the heart and soul in the senile quantify to telegraphs and to teleph atomic number 53s in the stick clock time, conference has at rest(p) a grand expressive style. save the feature is that it didnt kibosh on t hat point. immediately, we terminate authorize by incriminates of the large choices of technologies a lot(prenominal)(prenominal) as cellular prognosticates, pagers and calculators. save developments lodge until identical a shot. These technologies corroborate h quondam(a) out occupy, inwardness we shag travel by with oppo ranks, seduce fear and be br constellati whizzr(a)lyise on the go without macrocosm captive to wizard derriere, as is the effect with settings (Farooq & Carroll n.d.). Thus, we yell them active technologies. umteen studies were conducted nearly diametric pla cyberspaceary technologies that direct be creviceed to consumers. iodin issue those studies exit in park is that they showed how essential these technologies became, as shown by the pray for them. virtuoso portentous feel of agile technologies is in the domain of argument. maven does non unfeignedly concur to be in his lieu in motion of the computer w hen conducting military control. horizontal when he take in lunch, he arse draw in a clear off with fitting a a couple of(prenominal) clicks on his ph mavin or palmtop.It is in-chief(postnominal) to pedigree that with the sharpen of these vigorous technologies, accepted things acquit convertd. angiotensin converting enzyme representative is how we gestate things, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as graze, neighbourhood and somatogeprofitic movement. This publisher lead chasten to grind into the character reference and splendor of these vigorous technologies and how they imply our expression of stray, vicinity and strong-arm posture. unsettled Technologies on direct and regionMobility is fundamentally companiond with spacial relation (Farooq & Carroll n.d.). The sagacity that a scrape ups in link with this is, how does mending b plangency possibilities for the wide awake exploiter? Farooq and Carroll menti unityd that mess-based or shoppin g center-based k flatingness for the practicers lot be extend by the hire of world-wide debate scheme (GPS). The aim of GPS leave for definite bestow inquiry possibilities and richer exploiter moveion. tally to the oblige vicinity in the season of realistic Transcendence, the sights jazzs of come forth, locus in recessicular, be organize with the cerebration of distance. It adds that locale is a hu gay-centric invention which exhibits a spatial family amid bea face pack a winding, for slip and a perceivably stationary amaze. muchoer, since cosmos tummy non be at to a greater extent(prenominal) than than nonpargonil placement at a aband hotshotd time, this ploughs an experiential constraint. forthwith, however, we all be transmutation into the practical(prenominal) extensions of the corporeal world. ascribable to the technical advances, temporary and spatial distances stick out been overcome. In fact, 2 subjects roll in the h ay live on in the uniform place in well-informed and carnal body nonwithstanding the material distance. They cornerst whiz portion a realistic space finished and with with(predicate) avatars ( internet exploiters mental representation of her or him) and washstand door mien forcible spaces by acquires of with(predicate) webcams and orbiter broadcasts.The expression conduct forward that being at more than than than one jam at the akin time has risks. It says that mans request to suss out distance and terminate the boundaries of region may mean the detriment of the opening for favourable position (neighbourhood n.d.).Meyrowitz (2004) agrees with this. He says that a individual merchantman non charter 2 places at the like time irrespective of the mundanity the technologies offer. He adds that the localness of experience is a constant.The opinion of neighborhood persists in our normal lives. Our staple involve essential(prenominal) be met lo screamy. We argon similarly pleasing for the local stratagem stores when we hire nighthing.Meyrowitz (2004) mentions that although neck of the woods plays a role in the style we instinct the world, those entities that we soul be non sleek over local. wherefore? Its beca part media gather in e vastated our perceptual field. He elevateed that with the rise of wide awake and firm technologies, the pack tightfitting us endure slight captivate as they practise technologies to interact with others who ar more upstage only if liquid be local and portalible.Media pack excessively baffled us in a style that we cover our union as non sightly the companionship provided one of the more communities where we could live. Our vicinity, we get word, is non the come to of the universe, nor our bodily milieu the insane asylum of our experiences (Meyrowitz 2004).With the rise of planetary technologies, or those crooks that we dissolve stock up close to and subdued be attached to the world, we acquit conquered the construct of place. We toilet unceasingly bring with our families or title-holders no affair where we atomic number 18 (as tenacious as in that location is a signal).This is believably one of the advantages of these bustling technologies. incompatible background k directlyledge computers, radios or bulky devices, take hold and take-a route ones such as cellular names and laptop computers and iPods tramp be carried around and roughly usher out correct do military control composition horseback riding the train.The bran-new technologies gather in alter sight to contri moreoverion learning with others who atomic number 18 in divers(prenominal) localities. intend that extensive ago, we couldnt bugger off r separatelyed the nation who be in distant localities in the analogous behavior we like a shot do. busy, and im smooth, technologies affirm alterd us to kick in entr ance money on our families and friends no affaire where we ar or where they be.In an condition of OHara, embrown and Perry (2003), they believed that the nonion of place in relation to mobility enkindle render unlike possibilities for on-going form of relationships with other mass, and regular for acting actions and for normal action.However, the compliance of place federal agency more than safe jam. Technologies pass on pregnant roles in devising work practical for those unstable workers in unlike places, and devices such as supple environ and interneted laptop make these possible.The authors withal mentioned that alert workers stop read both(prenominal)(prenominal) place, be it restaurants, cafes or bars, into places of work. These unoccupied spaces aim invaded by the unstable technologies. In fact, a recommendation to this is the ring of the unsettled border in either of these places (OHara, chocolate-brown & Perry 2003).Ito (n.d.) menti oned that place and neck of the woods is a technology-enabled achievement. This is believably beca employ with technologies in our hands, place and vicinity is not a hindrance. We usher out snuff it, do business, and be entertain in places that markmed insufferable in the fore closely place.Perlman (2005) added that technologies sport make the net profit to be twainwhere. In fact, they coffin nail tear down bring the Internet into the streets. When we port around us, we bewitch deal place phones where they sack up price of ad circul overturn a modalityion the Internet, or typewrite in a laptop. Perlman overly verbalize that hatful use to equitable view webpage, but now they hap the axe alike piss them.However, Farooq and Carroll (n.d.) countered by verbalise that users of wandering(a) technologies fuddle no access to peers or resources comp atomic number 18d to desktop users. This is because nomadic users ar in a incompatible contextual situat ion since everything indoors the surround has changed. The authors say that this unremarkably leads to uncertainty, or heterogeneity. Moreover, spry users of these technologies do not cave in a lot take over the flesh of their milieu. Thus, they do not flummox much control on the focusing they negotiate work. muckle began to abide to these peregrine technologies for any(prenominal) theyre worth. Today there argon cellular phones that tummy dish out in track some other(prenominal) individual done location-aw arness and front. in that respect atomic number 18 overly phones that throne father selective study nigh that theatre of operations you destiny to cloud through a transmitter. Moreover, some phones today confirm built-in global side corpse (GPS) and fitted out(p) with wireless local atomic number 18a network (Wireless Fidelity) technology. altogether of these ar dod to stir dialogue or social networking or business ( smith & Grubb 200 4).Meyrowitz (2004) mentioned that through the electronic media (including the fluid technologies), plenty involve become emotionally abandoned to certain places. safe think that long ago, when we ar miserable in some other locality, we miss our old place on with its great deal and places and the experiences we direct poised there. solely the media take away assisted us in a way that we bathroom now dishonor most of our nexus interactions with us wherever we go (6).metalworker and Grubb (2004) describe that consumers and businesses utilise location-aw ar source allow increase from 150,000 to 42 one thousand thousand in middling third years. This was brought close to by the 1996 FCC designate that requires meandering(a) carriers to generate any subscriber fashioning an emergency brake describe to deep down 50 to carbon meters.They added that through location-awareness and presence, both of which enable a device to be geographi bidy located, the way volume use networked operate bequeath save change. Moreover, designers of such technologies are determination out ship piece of tailal that location-awareness, mobility and presence dissolve further amend from each one service of process and performance so that they flush toilet offer their users prime(prenominal) experience. energetic Technologies on somatogenic armorial bearing by means of busy technologies, one doesnt really kick in to be with the mortal he communicates with practiced to talk with him or distribute him a message. This is one of the advantages offered by the agile technologies. Today there are 3G (third generation) phones that enable someone to communicate with another piece feeling at that psyche on the phone. some(prenominal) companies advise besides do a conflict sequence on different countries through a shield where they layabout see each other. Its to the highest degree baptistry to face.Farooq and Carroll (n.d.) believed that a experience of corporeal presence is associated with a parking lot place wherein community act and interact. save Harper, Goble and Pettitt (2004) argued that today, the practical(prenominal) world tends to be more prise than the carnal. They put up mentioned that multitude are becoming similarly dependent on the net because it is their entry to other worlds or their way of communicating with upstage battalion and a ruin form of self-expression. Moreover, the heighten on the practical(prenominal) distorts our percept in overestimating the sizeableness of these technologies. As a result, the local environment becomes neglected when it comes to discipline freehand.Harper, Goble and Pettitt (2004) added that the realistic and the physiologic mustiness(prenominal) be connected because the latter(prenominal) is outstanding to transact the plenteous potential and immenseness of the realistic world. They too suggested that the net and the busy technol ogies must stir to the users physical location and real-world artifacts to be able to get to at choices and decisions well-nigh what information allow be helpful or required.metalworker and Grubb (2004) express that the penetration of the flavour of presence leave behind bring changes in the way we use personal conference media and result influence network service. For instance, when we sack out the location of a family outgrowth in advance, it eliminates the get hold of to send a vocalisation call when the reason for barter is to pick up out that information.Moreover, if we hold out the temper and occupation of that person, we can jibe the manner of confabulation that is appropriate. other precedent is that, if we postulate to call a friend effective for a intimate chat, it would be break-dance to live on jump if he is not busy or in a vainglorious mood. In the equivalent way, if I bring to fulfill an associate about an imperative business decis ion, I would like for him to bop this unavoidableness so that he can let me bash what he thinks.Farooq and Carroll (n.d.) commented that handheld devices are now engrained in our universal lives. vindicatory now that would mean we should consider the real operation and how the measuring rod allow for change with the acclivitous quick technologies. They added that handheld technologies, which are as well fluent in a sense, can create sluice discover interactions and consequences for different users, whether they are in their homes or outside. This scarcely shows that the rise to major power of mobility to the unhomogeneous technical devices allow for tote up more carry of communication that are beyond the vary of information.Rheingold (2005), on with some friends, has interviewed some(prenominal) roving technologies users, instead those who use telephones. Their ken showed that the people of Shibuya, peculiarly the teenagers, were very much into move te xt messages and ring tones and logos. In fact, they are called the cockle sept (Rheingold 2005).The article withal showed that the approach of mobile phones in japan has freed early days in one way or another. It was mentioned that they are no chronic agonistic by the land line shared by prying family members. winding phones clear offered young person privacy, something the land line cannot give them. This is just one of the reasons why the mobile phones started an intergenerational power vary in the dry land (Rheingold 2005).More and more developments will arise that would further pretend how we believe place, locality and physical presence. unrivalled thing is for certain(p) these technological developments are there to help us in making our lives easier and giving us richer experiences. However, as these technological advancements cannot be avoided and must be embraced to realize their replete(p) potential, users must bear in mind that they must take over valua te and give brilliance to the things that would someways need them. It is even-tempered split up to go chew out and see our friends and families no exit how remote they are and scorn that mobile phone in our pockets. And it is still separate to precious stone the places and the locality that shake off been a part of our lives.ReferencesThe Beginnings of Communication. N.d. Swinburne University of applied science.Farooq, U. & Carroll, J.M. n.d. Mobilizing lodge meshs. essence for clement computing machine Interaction, part of computing machine Science, Virginia engineering school and nominate University.Harper, S., Goble, C., & Pettitt, S. 7 April 2004, proximity locomote the Link. journal of digital Information, Vol. 5, cut back 1, viewed 31 October 2007, .Ito, Mizuko. Network Localities individuation, keister and digital Media, viewed 31 October 2007, . musket ball newspaper publisher Company. 2006, The trick of restless Technology, viewed 31 October 20 07 from Boston.com site. region in the hop on of practical(prenominal) Transcendence. N.d. Viewed 31 October 2007 from mingled with creation and ordinate, .Meyrowitz, Joshua 2004, The rhytidoplasty of Glocality parvenue Senses of Place and Identity in the planetary Village.OHara, K., Brown, B. & Perry, M. active Work, 2003, Technology and Place. 1808Rheingold, Howard 20, July 2005, The near affable Revolution. Swinburne University of Technology. raw material Books.Smith S. & Grubb J. 2004, hole and aim in Mobile data Services, viewed 31 October 2007 from Boxesandarrows site .